两类社区学校小学生父母教养方式与自主学习能力

Relationship between Self-regulated Learning Ability and Parents' Rearing Patterns of Students in Two Community Elementary Schools

目的探讨不同社区学校小学生自主学习能力和父母教养方式的差异,及父母教养方式对小学生自主学习能力的影响。方法采用学习自主性量表和父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU),对629名来自两个社区学校的小学生进行调查。结果 1普通民众学校小学生自我评价、自我强化能力和自主学习能力总体得分高于政府公务员学校小学生(t=6.14,P<0.001;t=2.44,P<0.05;t=2.64,P<0.01);2政府公务员为主的小学父母情感温暖理解显著高于普通民众为主的小学,其他维度则相反(t=-5.00,-6.59,P<0.001);3自我检查与父亲和母亲的情感温暖与理解,过分干涉显著正相关(r=0.229,0.223,0.140,0.138;P<0.01);自我总结与父母的情感温暖与理解,过分干涉显著正相关(r=0.348,0.355;P<0.01),与父亲惩罚、严厉,以及父母的拒绝否认显著负相关(r=-0.110,-0.117,-0.121;P<0.01);自我评价与除母亲情感温暖与理解之外的所有维度均存在显著正相关(P<0.01);自我强化与父母的情感温暖与理解,过分干涉,过度保护显著正相关(r=0.253,0.247,0.158,0.111,0.224;P<0.01)。结论普通民众学校和政府公务员学校小学生自主学习能力和学生父母教养方式均明显不同,且父母教养方式对小学生自主学习能力有显著预测作用。

Objectives To analyze the difference and relationship between elementary students＇ self-regulated learning ability and parents＇ rearing patterns in two community elementary schools.Methods A total of 629 elementary students took part in the study by using Self-regulated Learning Scale and EMBU Scale.Results ①The students from one elementary school whose parents were mainly ordinary citizens scored higher than those students from the other whose parents were mainly civil servants on self-assessment,self-reinforcement,self-regulated learning ability（t=6.14,P0.001;t=2.44,P0.05;t=2.64,P0.01）.② Elementary students whose parents were mainly civil servants scored higher than the other school on parental emotional warmth and understanding dimension,but reversed on other dimensions（t=-5.00,-6.59;P0.001）.③ The score of Self-examination dimension was significantly related to emotional warmth and understanding dimension of both parents,and excessive interference of mother（r=0.229,0.223,0.140,0.138;P0.01）.Self-summary dimension was significantly positively related to emotional warmth and understanding,excessive interference dimension of both parents（r=0.348,0.355;P0.01）,but negatively related to punishment and severity of father,and deny and rejection of both parents（r=-0.110,-0.117,-0.121;P0.01）.Self-assessment was significantly positively related to all parental rearing pattern dimensions but emotional warmth and understanding（P0.01）.Self-reinforcement showed significant positively relation with parental emotional warmth and understanding,excessive interference and over-protection（r=0.253,0.247,0.158,0.111,0.224;P0.01）.Conclusion Self-regulated learning ability of elementary students and parental rearing patterns.are significant different between their parents are mainly ordinary citizens and civil servants,Parental rearing patterns can significantly predict self-regulated learning ability of elementary students.