摘要
以在加拿大建设千万吨级的燃料型炼油厂为例,按完全加工稀释沥青设计,减压渣油加工选用加氢裂化、延迟焦化和溶剂脱沥青三种典型成熟的重油加工技术,蜡油加工采用加氢裂化工艺,以最大化生产柴油为目的,采用PIMS线性规划软件,对各种炼油技术方案和投资经济性进行分析对比。结果表明,在西得克萨斯轻质原油(WTI)价格为95美元/bbl的价格体系下,采用渣油加氢裂化工艺投资最高,氢气消耗量最大,但该工艺可最大程度地将沥青轻质化,全厂轻油收率高,并可充分依托当地稳定可靠的天然气、电力和氢气供应,是项目执行的首选方案。而延迟焦化、溶剂脱沥青两种脱碳工艺虽然投资和运行成本较低,但轻油收率低,且在加拿大天然气供应充足、价格适中的情况下,大量的高硫石油焦和沥青只能作为废物填埋处理,经济性要差一些。
Using a 10-million-ton/year refinery primarily producing fuels built in Canada for example,this article conducts a comparative analysis of various refining options and their economic viabilities.This refinery is designed to process diluted bitumen only.Three typical and proven heavy oil processing technologies are selected,which are hydrocracking,delayed coking and solvent deasphaltizing,for processing of vacuum residue.Hydrocracking is selected for processing of wax oil.The process is devised to maximize production of diesel fuel.The PIMS linear planning software was used in the analysis.The analytic results show that when WTI price stands at $95/bbl,residue hydrocracking involves the highest capital investment and the largest hydrogen consumption.However,this technology has the highest conversion of bitumen to light fractions with high whole-refinery naphtha yield.In addition,it can make full use of local stable supplies of natural gas,power and hydrogen and is thus the first option for implementing a project.Although delayed coking and solvent deasphaltizing require low capital investment and operating cost,their naphtha yields are low and as natural gas supply is abundant and gas prices are competitive in Canada,large amounts of high-sulfur petroleum coke and bitumen can only be disposed of as wastes in landfills.Their economics are relatively low.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2013年第2期73-76,共4页
Sino-Global Energy
