自杀未遂中学生家庭功能特征分析

Family function among middle school students with suicide attempt

目的探讨自杀未遂中学生的家庭功能现状,为中学生自杀的干预工作提供参考依据。方法分层抽取都江堰市8所中学2 143名学生,采用自编一般情况问卷及家庭亲密度和适应性量表进行问卷调查。结果 2 143名中学生曾有自杀未遂行为的报告率为3.2%,其中女生高于男生(χ2=14.54,P<0.01),单亲家庭高于非单亲家庭(χ2=17.31,P<0.01)。自杀未遂者家庭亲密度及家庭适应性均低于无自杀未遂者,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。自杀未遂者家庭类型多为极端型(81.4%)。结论中学生自杀未遂与单亲家庭及家庭功能不良有密切关系。应针对中学生的家庭功能不良采取必要的干预措施,为中学生健康成长提供良好的家庭环境。

Objective To investigate the family function among middle school students with suicide, and to provide refer- ence for the intervention. Methods A total of 2 143 students aged 12-18 years old from 8 middle schools of Dujiangyan city were recruited by stratified sampling method. All the students were assessed with the Chinese version of Family Adaptability and Cohe- sion Evaluation Scales { FACES II-CV }, and self-made questionnaire. Results The prevalence of suicide attempt among middle school students was 3.2%, 70 adolescents ever committed suicide. Further analysis found that the prevalence of suicide attempt a- mong girls was significantly higher than that among boys（xZ = 14.54 ,P〈O. 01）, and students from single parent family had signifi- cantly higher prevalence of suicide ~/ttempt than students from non-single parent family （X2 = 17.31, P〈0.01 }. Compared with no- suicide attempt, the students with at least once suicide attempt had significantly lower family adaptability and cohesion. And their family types mostly were extreme type（81.4% ）. Conclusion The single parent family and family dysfunction are associated with suicide attempts among middle school students, which imply that necessary interventions for family environment should be taken to prevent suicide attempt in adolescents.