心理弹性对大学生风险决策行为的影响

Effect of Resilience on Risky Decision Making Behavior in Undergraduates

目的探讨正负信息呈现方式、性别差异及心理弹性特质对大学生风险决策行为的影响。方法采用"亚洲疾病问题"情景和自我弹性量表,对某高校299名大学生进行整群抽样调查。结果①正面框架下37.9%的被试倾向于风险规避,62.1%风险寻求;负面框架下23.3%风险规避,76.7%风险寻求(χ2=7.49,P=0.008);②正面框架下,低心理弹性组47.8%的被试风险规避,52.2%风险寻求,高心理弹性组26.0%风险规避,74.0%风险寻求,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.93,P=0.026);负面框架下低心理弹性组35.4%风险规避,64.6%风险寻求,高心理弹性组15.2%风险规避,84.8%风险寻求(χ2=5.04,P=0.025);③女生组风险决策行为在正负框架间差异显著(χ2=7.09,P=0.008)。结论大学生风险决策行为受风险框架影响,且倾向于风险寻求;高心理弹性被试显示出更多风险寻求;女生更容易受风险框架影响。

Objective To study the influence of framing effect,sex difference and the resilience in positive and negative framing on the risky decision-making in Chinese undergraduates.Methods By cluster sampling 299 undergraduates were investigated with the ＂Asian disease＂ problem and the Ego Resiliency Scale.Results ①In the positive framing,37.9% tended to risk averse and 62.1% risk seeking;in the negative framing,23.3% chose risk averse and 76.7% chose risk seeking（χ2=7.49,P=0.008）.②In the positive framing,of those who had lower resilience scores 47.8% tended to risk averse and 52.2% risk seeking;while of those who had higher resilience scores,26.0% chose risk averse and 74.0% chose risk seeking.The difference was significant（χ2=4.93,P=0.026）.In the negative framing,of those who had lower resilience scores 35.4% tended to risk averse and 64.6% risk seeking;while of those who had higher resilience scores 15.2% chose risk averse and 84.8%chose risk seeking（χ2=5.04,P=0.025）.③There was a significant difference between the positive and negative framing on the risk decision-making in female undergraduates（χ2=7.09,P=0.008）.Conclusion Undergraduates tend to risk seeking in the risky decision-making situations and those who have higher resilience show more risk seeking.Also,the female are easier affected by the framing.