市场经济条件下俄罗斯高等教育的变化

The Changes of Higher Education in Russia under the Conditions of Market Economy

最近十多年来,俄罗斯在教育领域内进行的教育市场化给高等教育带来了很大改变。最主要的变化在于教育越来越成为一种在教育服务市场上流通的商品,教育不仅被视为为了履行公民义务和有效地参与到社会福利的增长中所需的技能、态度和价值的总和,而且在很大程度上被视作是一种商品,因为教育不仅能够保证经济增长,还能保证文化和公民社会的发展。因此,对教育的这种认识使得俄罗斯高等教育在进一步发展中更好地将市场化进程和独特的文化进程结合了起来。

In recent decade, the educational marketization in Kussia has brought great changes in the field of higher education. The uppermost change is that education has become a kind of current commodity in the market of educational service. Education is not only regarded as the sum of the skills, attitudes and values in order to fulfill their civic obligations and effectively participate in the growth of social welfare, but also largely seen as a commodity, because education is not only to ensure economic growth, but also to ensure the development of the culture and civil society. Therefore, this understanding of education makes higher education better combine the market process and unique cultural process in the further development.