硝基苯加氢合成对氨基苯酚的催化剂研究进展

Research Progress of the Catalysts for Nitrobenzene Catalytic Hydrogenation

对氨基苯酚是一种重要的医药、农药、染料中间体。以硝基苯为原料直接一步催化加氢合成对氨基苯酚具有成本低、收率高、三废排放少等优点,是一条绿色的合成路线。详细综述了硝基苯加氢生成羟基苯胺及羟基苯胺Bamberger重排生成对氨基苯酚的反应机理,加氢及重排催化剂研究等方面的研究进展,介绍了表面活性剂助剂对对氨基苯酚选择性及收率的影响。

p-Aminophenol （PAP） is an important intermediate for the synthesis of medicine, pesticide and dyestuff. Among the preparation routes of p-aminophenol, catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to p-a minophenol has some remarkable advantages, such as low production cost, high yield and friendliness to environment, therefore this process is a green synthesis route. Reviews the reaction mechanism of nitro- benzene to phenylhydroxylamine and the acid-catalysed Bamberger rearrangement of phenylhydroxylamine to p-aminophenol and the research progress of the study of hydrogenation and rearrangement. The influ- ence of adding surface active agent on selectivity and yield of p-aminophenol is also introduced.