甘蔗叶绿体基因组研究进展

Research progress of sugarcane chloroplast genome

随着现代分子生物学技术的发展,目前已经完成了多种植物叶绿体基因组的全序列测定,并研究了这些基因的结构、功能与表达。大部分高等植物的叶绿体基因组结构稳定,基因数量、排列顺序及组成上具有保守性。随着甘蔗叶绿体基因组测序工作的完成,为甘蔗叶绿体相关研究奠定了良好基础。文章从甘蔗叶绿体基因组图谱、结构和功能基因、叶绿体RNA编辑以及甘蔗属叶绿体系统进化等方面综合概述了甘蔗叶绿体基因组研究取得的成果,并从甘蔗叶绿体遗传转化、甘蔗及近缘属叶绿体基因组测序和叶绿体基因组cpSSRs开发利用等方面指出甘蔗叶绿体基因组今后的研究方向。

With the development of modern molecular biology technologies， the present determination of plant chloroplast genome sequences was completed， and the structure， function， and expression of these genes were studied. The chloroplast genome structure of most high-leveled plants was stable since the gene number， arrangement， and composition were conservative. With the completion of sugarcane （Saccharum officinarum） chloroplast genome sequencing work， a good foundation for sugarcane chloroplasts related research was laid out. Through the chloroplast genome map， gene and functional structure， chloroplast RNA editing， and phylogenetic chloroplast analysis in Saccharum and related genus， this article gave a review of the sugarcane chloroplast genome research progress. This study of sugarcane chloroplast genome held great potential to clarify more study directions， including sugarcane chloroplast genetic transformation， complete chloroplast nucleotide sequence determination in Saccharum and related genus， and cpSSRs development and application.