甘蔗间种大豆最佳模式探讨

Preliminary report on the optimal model for sugarcane intercropped with soybean

【目的】探寻甘蔗间套种大豆的最佳模式,为生产上进行甘蔗间套种大豆提供科学依据。【方法】2011年利用桂春8号和桂糖29号进行甘蔗与大豆不同间种模式(甘蔗行距设常规行距1.0m和宽行距1.2、1.4m,间种大豆行数设0、1、2行)试验,调查甘蔗生长、收获性状及甘蔗、大豆产量等指标并进行分析。【结果】甘蔗间种大豆后,甘蔗分蘖率和有效茎数有所降低;对甘蔗茎径、株高影响不大,在适合的甘蔗行距(1.4m)下不会造成甘蔗减产;可提高甘蔗地总利润,其中以在1.4m行距下间种2行大豆总利润增加最为明显。此外,宽行距种植甘蔗较常规行距种植甘蔗可提高甘蔗分蘖率、茎径、株高和大豆产量;在间种适合的大豆行数(2行)下不仅会造成甘蔗减产,还可提高蔗地的总利润。【结论】1.4m宽的甘蔗行距下间种2行大豆为最佳甘蔗间套种大豆的模式。

【Objective】This study aimed to screen out the best model for sugarcane intercropped with soybean in order to provide reference for the commercial production of sugarcane intercropped with soybean. 【Method】Using Guichun 8 and Guitang 29 as the soybean and sugarcane intercropping cultivars， under experiments with different intercropping patterns （sugarcane spacing was between 1 m of conventional row spacing and 1.2-1.4 m of width spacing， and the soybean intercropping row number was set at 0， 1， and 2 rows）， the growth， yield traits， and yield index of both sugarcane and soybean were investigated and analyzed. 【Result】After the sugarcane intercropped with soybean， the tillering rate and effective stalk number of sugarcane decreased. The effects of intercropping on the stalk diameter and plant height of sugarcane were insignificant， which， under suitable sugarcane spacing （1.4 m）， would not cause the sugarcane yield to decrease. Intercropping could improve the total profit of sugarcane， of which under the condition of 1.4 m row spacing then planting 2 rows of soybeans， the total profit increased the most noticeably. Furthermore， compared with conventional row spacing， the width spacing of sugarcane planting could improve the tillering rate， stalk diameter， plant height of sugarcane and the yield of soybean. Under suitable soybean interplanting row condition （2 rows）， the sugarcane yield would not decrease； as a matter of fact， the total profit of the sugarcane fields could increase. Among the conditions， planting 2 rows of soybean with 1.4 m of row spacing increased the sugarcane fields profit the most. 【Conclusion】Under the conditions of this study， the optimal sugarcane intercropping soybean model was planting 2 rows of soybeans at 1.4 m of sugarcane width spacing.