不同施肥处理对毛葡萄野酿2号产量及品质的影响

Influences of different fertilizer treatments on the yield and quality of wild grape variety Yeniang 2 (Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.)

【目的】分析毛葡萄施用氮、磷、钾肥增产优质效应和筛选最佳配方,为毛葡萄生产施肥决策提供技术支持。【方法】采用"3414"完全实施方案(N、P2O5、K2O三者2水平的施用量分别为:100.20、114.30和108.90kg/ha),测定毛葡萄野酿2号的产量及品质,并对肥料及经济效应进行分析。【结果】在土壤速效N含量为196mg/kg、速效K含量为414mg/kg的条件下,不同施肥处理对毛葡萄产量促进作用较高的施肥处理组合依次为:N2P2K0(28122.62kg/ha)>N0P2K2(27819.57kg/ha)>N1P1K2(25940.69kg/ha)>N2P0K2(24849.73kg/ha);P肥对产量影响不显著;N、K肥对毛葡萄有交互作用,N0P2K2的产量显著高于N3P2K2的产量(21970.80kg/ha);随着K肥量的增加,其产量呈逐渐下降。不同施肥处理间对毛葡萄可溶性固形物含量影响差异不显著。【结论】应结合土壤类型及其有效成分含量,根据毛葡萄不同生育期合理调配N、P、K肥的比例。

【Objective】This research studied the beneficiary effects of nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium fertilizer applications on the yield and quality of wild grape（Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.）and screened for the best fertilizer combination to provide technical support for fertilizer application decisions in wild grape production. 【Method】 Using ＆ldquo;3414＆rdquo; complete implementation scheme （the N， P2O5， and K2O application on 2 levels were respectively 100.20， 114.30， and 108.90 kg/ha）， the yield and quality of wild grape variety Yeniang 2 were determined and the economic benefits of fertilizer application were analyzed. 【Result】Under the conditions of available N（196 mg/kg）and available K（414 mg/kg）in soil moisture， the combined effects of different fertilization treatments on grape yield promotion were arranged in the following order：N2P2K0（28122.62 kg/ha）＞N0P2K2（27819.57 kg/ha）＞N1P1K2（25940.69 kg/ha）＞N2P0K2（24849.73 kg/ha）. The effect of P fertilizer on the fruit yield was not significant. The N， K fertilizers interacted on the wild grapes; the yield resulting from N0P2K2 application was significantly higher than the yield resulting from N3P2K2 application （21970.80 kg/ha）. As the potassium content increased， the resulting fruit yield decreased. Effects of different fertilizer treatments on the soluble solid contents of wild grapes were not significant. 【Conclusion】During different wild grape growth periods， the ratios of nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium fertilizers should be reasonably combined with the corresponding type of soil and effective component contents for fruit application.