“便击筑悲歌,谁与衔杯?”——清代晚期的满族诗词书写

"Melodies to the Beating of Drums,with Whom to Drink?"——The Manchu Literature in Late Qing Dynasty

鸦片战争之后,中华古国跌进封建过程的最后阶段——半殖民地时代。咸丰、同治时期进步的满族作家文学,承袭并且推进了清代前期与中期敢于正视社会矛盾的创作优长,由先前比较多地关注本民族上层冲突的书写基点,向普遍关注社会各阶层生存现实转移视线,作家写作兴奋点每与广阔社会现实生活交结,出现了一批与时共进的表达爱国恤民意识、追求公正社会理想的好作品,为满族文学自身发展开拓出前所未有的新阶段,使满洲民族的族别文学直接融入中国近代爱国进步文学主潮,走上与国内兄弟民族文学发展风雨同舟、休戚与共的历程。

After the Opium War, China entered its stage of being semi-colonized. The literary works written by the progressive literati of Man nationality took on a new light. Its focus was transferred from the conflicts in upper classes to the daily life of lower classes, thus inheriting and continuing its tradition of facing up to the realities, which was much practiced in early and mid Qing Dynasty. Once the literary inspiration was combined with the concern for social issues, master pieces were created showing a great concern for the nation and its people and demonstrating a strong sense of justice and patriotism. Thereupon, the Manchu literature became an indispensable component of Chinese literature in the process of its modernization.