基于测量机器人的二等高程控制测量新方法

New Method of Second-Order Height Control Surveying Based on Georobot

为解决复杂山区水准测量劳动强度大、效率低、水准线路长等问题,提出了基于测量机器人的同时对向间接高差观测三角高程测量新方法.该方法基于2台测量机器人可实现真正的同时对向观测,每一双测站测得的高差均由同时对向观测高差计算获得,可有效消除大气折光的影响和实现无需量测仪器高及觇标高.通过分析该方法在某长大隧道洞外高程控制网建网中的实验数据,证明该方法可以达到二等水准测量高差测量的中误差小于1 mm/km的精度指标,且具有操作性强和可靠性高的特点,能有效提高二等高程控制测量的效率.

In order to solve the existing problems in current leveling such as great labor intensity, low efficiency and long observation routes in complex mountainous areas, a new method based on georobot simultaneously subtending observation for obtaining indirect height difference in trigonometric leveling was proposed. This method is based on the fact that two georobots can realize the real simultaneously subtending observation and obtain the height difference of each pair of stations. The influence of atmospheric refraction can be eliminated effectively using the observation method. And it is not necessary to measure the heights of instrument stationing and target prism to save field working time. The analysis of experimental data from the establishment of a height control network outside a long tunnel indicates that the proposed method can achieve the accuracy of second-order leveling with a standard deviation of below 1 mm/km in height difference surveying. And it can effectively improve the efficiency of second-order height control surveying with reduced field work.