基于GIS青藏公路基础信息平台的设计与实现

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION PLATFORM FOR QINGHAI-TIBET HIGHWAY BASED ON GIS

研究面向青藏公路冻土区路基修筑的统一基础信息平台构建技术,为相关科研及生产提供技术支撑。对现有数据及软件工具现状进行分析,对软件的需求进行分析和设计,并基于ArcEngine GIS组件、Oracle、Google Earth和Visual Studio.net等技术给予了实现。研究主要取得了以下几方面的成果:(1)实现了青藏公路冻土区624公里路段地形图、高清影像、地温观测段、地温孔、实验段等多源异构数据的集成管理,并建立了相关图件、观测数据的制作规范;(2)将车载三维激光扫描技术应用于青藏公路冻土区的研究中,获取了大量点云数据和实景影像,实现了数据的规范管理、快速浏览和地形分析等功能,极大地提高了公路沿线数据的精度和可视化效果;(3)实现了公路横断面地温时空分析功能,能方便地提取冻土上限、等温线等,并能实现冻土地温的时空变化分析,比起非GIS分析方法,分析成果具备了实际地理空间内涵。

In the paper we study the building technology of uniform fundamental information platform for subgrades construction in Qinghai-Tibet Highway permafrost region,and provide technical support to related scientific research and production.We make the analyses on current status of data and software tools,as well as the software demand analysis and design,the implementation of the above addressed is based on ArcEngine GIS components,Oracle and Visual Studio.NET etc.Outcomes of our research mainly cover the following aspects：（1） we realise the first time the integrated management of multi-source heterogeneous data including the topographic map of 624 km section in Qinghai-Tibet Highway permafrost region,HD video,ground temperature measurement section,ground thermometric hole and experiment section,etc.;（2） by applying the vehicular 3D laser scanning technique to the research of Qinghai-Tibet Highway permafrost region,we collect a large number of point clouds data and real images,realise the functions of standardised data management,quick browsing and terrain analyses,these significantly improve the accuracy of data along the highway and the visualised effect;（3） we achieve the spatiotemporal analysis function of the ground temperature at cross-section of the highway,can conveniently extract the permafrost table and isotherm,etc.,and can realise the spatiotemporal variation analysis on the ground temperature of permafrost.Compared with non-GIS approaches,our analyses outcomes possess the practical geospatial connotation.