贾宝玉与令狐冲形象的比较性思考

The Comparative Thinking of the Images of Jia Baoyou and Ling Huchong

在《红楼梦》第二回"冷子兴演说荣国府"中,贾雨村以一种参透人类历史的口吻划分出三种类型的人物:第一种是仁人君子,如尧、舜、禹、汤等;第二种是大凶大恶,如蚩尤、共工,桀、纣等,"大仁者修治天下,大恶者扰乱天下";第三种则介乎仁人君子与大凶大恶之间,"置于千万人之中,其聪俊灵秀之气,则在千万人之上;其乖僻邪谬不近人情之态,又在千万人之下,"如许由、陶潜、阮籍、嵇康等。这第三种类型,即中国古代的名士阶层,其基本特征是:退出社会公共生活领域,而以私人生活为基本特点,他们无意于追求社会地位和事业成功,而致力于经营一种非功利的审美人生。无疑,贾宝玉和令狐冲当属第三种类型,在他们两个人身上都有着中国古代名士,特别是魏晋名士的个性品格与精神风范,思想情感与认知方式,乃至悲患与风流。

In the second chapter ＂Leng Zixing DesCribes the Rong Mansion＂ of A Dream in Red Mansions, Jia Yucun divided people into three kinds： The first kind is public -spirited people, such as Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang; The second kind is fierce and wicked people, such as Chi you, Gong Gong, Jie, Zhou. As a Chinese proverb saying ＂the greatest men manage the world, while the wicked men disturb the world＂, the third kind is between these two, like Xiu You, Tao Qian, Ruan Ji, Ji Kang. The third kind of people are famous men in ancient China, the essential features are ： they escaped from the public life without the intention of pursuing the social standard and successful achievements and devoted to a non -profit aesthetic life. There is no doubt that Jia Baoyu and Ling Huchong are the third category for they had the personality, spirits, feelings and cognitive style of the famous Chinese ancient men, especially the men in Wei and Jin Dynasties.