Effect of Cultivation Conditionss on Quality Parameters of High Grade Hybrid Rape of Brassica napus L.

栽培因素对甘蓝型优质杂交油菜品质性状的影响(英文)

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of sowing date, plant density, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on quality parameters of high grade hybrid rapeseed. [Method] By using Youyan 599 and Sanbei 98 as experimental materials, quadratic orthogonal rotation combination with five factors was designed for this study. [Result] Erucic acid content was nega- tively correlated with sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer, positively correlated with plant density. Glucosinolate content was negatively correlated with sowing date, positively correlated with potash fertilizer amount. Oil content was negatively correlated with sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer amount, positively correlated with plant density and potash fertilizer amount. Protein content was positively correlated with sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer amount, negatively correlated with plant density and potash fer- tilizer amount. Oleic acid content was negatively correlated with phosphate fertilizer amount, positively correlated with nitrogen fertilizer amount. Palmitic acid was nega- tively correlated with potash fertilizer amount, positively correlated with sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phosphate fertilizer amount in Youyan 599, but negatively correlated with sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phosphate fertilizer amount in Sanbei 98. Stearic acid content was posi- tively correlated with sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phos- phate fertilizer amount. Linoleic acid was positively correlated with density and nitroge- nous fertilizer, but negatively correlated with potash fertilizer amount. Linolenic acid was positively correlated with nitrogen fertilizer amount and potash fertilizer amount. Eicosenoic acid was negatively correlated with sowing date. There were positive cor- relations and negative correlations among cultivation conditions and quality parame- ters, and the positive correlations and negative correlations could counteract each other. Expression of quality parameters for each treatment was the combined effect. Among the 50 pairs of simple correlations of five cultivation factors and ten quality parameters, 26 pairs were consistent between two varieties, 24 pairs of simple corre- lation were not. Sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer amount and phosphate fertilizer amount showed significant influence on erucic acid of two varieties, but small effect on palmitic acid. [Conclusion] The combined effect of the five cultivation factors could not fundamentally improve the quality traits of high grade hybrid rapeseed.

[目的]研究播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量和施钾量5个主要栽培因素对甘蓝型优质杂交油菜品质性状的影响。[方法]以‘油研599’和‘三北98’为材料,运用五元二次正交旋转组合设计进行试验研究。[结果]芥酸含量与播期、施氮量间均呈负相关,与密度呈正相关;硫苷含量与播期呈负相关、与施钾量呈正相关;含油率与播期、施氮量间均呈负相关,与密度、施钾量呈正相关;种子蛋白质含量与播期、施氮量间均呈正相关,与密度、施钾量呈负相关;油酸含量与施磷量呈负相关,与施氮量呈正相关;棕榈酸含量与施钾量呈负相关,与'油研599'的播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量均呈正相关,与'三北98'的播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量均呈负相关;硬脂酸含量与播期、密度、施磷量、施钾量间均呈正相关;亚油酸含量与密度、施氮量呈正相关,与施钾量呈负相关;亚麻酸含量与施氮量、施钾量呈正相关;廿碳烯酸含量与播期呈负相关。栽培因素对品质性状的影响有的呈相关,有的呈负相关,正负相关会发生部份相互抵消,每一个处理品质性状的表现都是5个因素综合作用的结果。在5个因素与10个品质性状的50对简单相关中,有26对在2个品种中表现一致,有24对在2个品种中表现不一致。播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量4因素对2个品种芥酸含量的影响较大、播期、密度、施氮量、施钾量4个因素对2个品种棕榈酸含量的影响较小。[结论]多个栽培因素的综合作用不能根本性的改善杂交油菜的品质性状。