广州市番禺区肺结核发病影响因素的病例对照研究

A Case Control-study of Risk Factors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Panyu District,Guangzhou

目的:探讨影响广州市肺结核发病的危险因素,为肺结核的防控提供参考依据。方法:采用1:4配比病例对照研究,以2010年1月-2011年1月广州市番禺区以社区为基础的结核病全人群调查新发现的109例肺结核患者作为病例组,每个病例选取4名同性别、同年龄组、同村的非结核患者为对照组进行病例对照研究,采用单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果:单因素分析结果表明:婚姻(χ2=13.271,P=0.000),文化程度(χ2=4.539,P=0.033),职业(χ2=5.686,P=0.017),年人均收入(χ2=43.873,P=0.000),户籍(χ2=11.292,P=0.000)和吸烟史(χ2=14.694,P=0.000)与肺结核发病有显著相关性。多因素分析进入模型有统计学意义(P≤0.05)的变量有婚姻(OR=3.512),户籍(OR=1.894),吸烟史(OR=2.094)和年人均收入(OR=0.319)。结论:单身、流动人口、吸烟史是肺结核发病的危险因素,高收入是肺结核的保护因素。在结核病防控工作中,采取有针对性的措施才能有效控制肺结核疫情。

Objective： To determine the risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis（TB） in Guangzhou and lay a basis for its prevention and control. Methods： A community-based 1：4 matched case control-study was conducted. 109 new active pulmonary TB patients were found as cases in a population-based field survey for TB in Guangzhou city from Jan,2010-Jan,2011.4 persons without TB were selected to match each case, with the same sex, agegroup, and from the same village. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression models.Results：Univariate analysis showed that marriage（t,2=13.271, P=0.000）, education level（（X^2=4.539,P=0.033）, occupation （X^2=5.686, P=0.017）,income（X^2=43.873,P=0.000）,residents（X^2=11.292,P=0.000）smoking（X^2=14.694,P=0.000） had significant association with pulmonary TB. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that marriage（OR=3.512）, residents（OR=1.894）, smoking（OR=2.094）, and income（OR=0.319） were associated significantly with TB.Conclusion：Being single,smoking and floating population were risk factors of TB. in Guangzhou city while high income level was a preventive factor.Timely and pointed measures should be adopted in TB prevention and control.