苏州市483起已破命案的法医学回顾分析

Retrospective Forensic Analysis of 483 Solved Homicide Cases in Suzhou City

目的通过总结苏州市已破命案的案例资料,研究命案特征及其共性,分析命案现场的法医学要点。方法收集苏州市公安局2006年1月至2010年3月已破命案资料共483起,对数据资料进行分析。结果受害人和犯罪嫌疑人多为1人,均以男性、青壮年、外埠人为主。犯罪嫌疑人多为故意杀人,以激情犯罪为主,口角纠纷最为常见。致伤工具以锐器为主,多为随身携带。死亡原因以机械性窒息和机械性损伤最为常见。结论苏州市命案在涉案人员社会学特点、作案动机、致伤工具、损伤分布、死亡原因、死亡方式等方面均反映出一定的共性,为今后命案侦破提供了经验。

Objective To summarize the solved homicide cases taking place in Suzhou city and to find out the characteristics and commonness of them in order to analyze the key points of investigation at the scene. Methods The data of 483 solved homicide cases occurring from January 2006 to March 2010 in the city were analyzed. Results Most cases involved 1 victim and 1 suspect, with young male adults dominated. Most of them were non-local residents. The majority of suspects were intentional by passion due to quarrel and dispute. The most common weapons were sharp instruments generally carried by the suspects. Mechanical asphyxia and mechanical injury were the two most common causes of death in these cases. Conclusion The social characteristics of suspects, criminal motivation, injury instruments, distribution of injuries, cause of death, and manner of death in Suzhou showed similar general character- istics as the experience for detecting homicide cases in the future.