铅职业接触者中血铅检测的质量控制

Quality control on measuring blood lead of the workers with occupation exposure of lead

目的建立一种日常快速准确检测职业接触者血铅的质量控制方法。方法通过对WS/T174-1999方法的改进,使用去铅处理的肝素钠抗凝管采集血样,以进口硝酸钯作基体改进剂、铅高低浓度加标回收、冻干牛血铅、镉标准物质等进行质量控制。结果血铅检测校准曲线线性范围为0μg/L～60μg/L,相关系数在0.999 1～0.999 8之间,加标回收率在99.32%～101.48%之间,样品相对标准偏差(RSD%)在0.45%～6.80%,方法检出限为2.0μg/L。结论血铅检测过程中的质量控制是准确反映铅职业接触者血铅水平的关键,为做好铅中毒防治建立准确的血铅水平数据。

Objective To establish a rapid and accurate method of blood lead for the quality control in occupational exposure of lead. Methods The improvement of WS/T174-1999 method was applied, heparin anticoagulant tube was used to remove lead to collect blood samples. The imported palladium nitrate was used as matrix modifier, the recovery of standard addition of high and low concentration of lead, and Lyophilized bovine blood lead cadmium standard substance were used for quality control. Results The linear range was 0 μg/L - 60 μg/L , the correlation coefficient was 0.999 1 - 0.999 8 in calibration curve of blood lead. The recovery of standard addition was 99. 32% - 101.48%, the relative standard deviation （ RSD% ） of blood samples was 0.45% - 6. 80%, and the method detection limitation was 2. 0 μg/L. Conclusions Quality control for the process of measuring lead determination is the key to accurately reflect the blood lead level of the occupational exposure of lead. To fulfill the prevention of lead poisoning, it is of great importance to establish the accurate data of the blood lead level.