口腔按摩联合口腔支持对极低出生体重早产儿喂养结局的影响

Effects of oral stimulation and oral support in very low birth weight preterm infants

目的探讨口腔按摩联合口腔支持对极低出生体重早产儿喂养结局的影响,为选择适宜的喂养方法提供实证依据。方法将87例胎龄29～33周早产儿采用随机数字表法分为三组。A组在常规肠内营养的基础上给予口腔按摩联合口腔支持干预,B组在常规肠内营养的基础上给予非营养性吸吮,C组采用常规肠内营养。结果三组早产儿达到完全经口喂养时间,黄疸持续时间、喂养不耐受率比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),其中A组效果最优,B组次之,C组最差。结论对极低出生体重早产儿采用口腔按摩联合口腔支持的干预方法能有效改善极低体重早产儿营养状况,提高经口喂养结局、减少极低体重早产儿肠内营养不耐受的发生,效果优于非营养性吸吮。

Objective To observe the effect of oral stimulation and oral support on feeding results of very low birth weight（VLBW） preterm infants who received enteral feeding first then progressed to bottle feeding, and to explore optimal feeding interventions. Methods Totally, 87 VLBW preterm infants of 29 to 33 weeks gestational age,were randomized into 3 groups. Group A received o- ral stimulation and oral support besides conventional enteral nutrition; group B received non-nutritive sucking besides conventional enteral nutrition; group C only received conventional enteral nutrition. Results There were statistical differences in the time required to swift to full oral feeding, jaundice duration and the incidence rates of feeding intolerance among the three groups （P〈0.01 for all）, with group A achieving the best feeding effect, followed by group B, and finally group C. Conclusion Oral stimulation combined with oral support for VLBW premature infants improves their nutritional status, and yields better feeding outcomes and tolerability than non-nutritive sucking alone.