论废名小说的用典

On the Literary Quotation in Feiming's Novels

用典是废名小说中非常突出的现象。废名有时通过改变典面使典故符合他想表达的意思,更多时候是不顾典故的原义、常用义,将典故还原为典面上的几个组成部分,然后分别对这些部分赋予不同于原义的新义,使整个典故的意义发生转变。废名大量用典故字面义的做法使用典这一文学手法从古代的方式转化成了现代的方式,为古代典籍进入白话文语境寻到了一个大道。

Literary quotation is a special phenomenon in Feimingg novels. Feiming often changes the literary things, i. e. , the words, to make them suit the meaning he wants to express. So he often separates the parts of those Literary Quotations, giving new meaning to these separated parts, making the meanings of the whole quotations change. Feimingg Literary Quotations, employing in great quantities, change the form of quotation from an ancient way to a modem one, finding a pass way by which the classical works can enter the contexts of modem Chinese literature.