南海北部马鲛流刺网渔获组成初步分析

Preliminary analysis of gillnet catch composition of Scomberomorus in northern South China Sea

为了明确南海北部马鲛(Scomberomorus)流刺网的渔获组成、主要种类的生物学特征、幼鱼比例等情况,2012年4月21日～24日在海南岛东北部渔场进行了调查研究,并对主要渔获种类的刺挂部位作了初步探讨。结果表明,马鲛流刺网的主要渔获种类为康氏马鲛(S.commersoni)、白卜鲔(S.guttatus)和乌鲳(Formio niger),其相对重要性指数(IRI)分别为10 969.80、5 502.49和1 937.34;优势体长(叉长)组分别为701～800 mm、501～600 mm和231～250 mm。建议尽快制定主要渔获种类的最佳开捕长度,进行渔具选择性试验,制定并出台最小网目尺寸等相关管理措施,以促进马鲛刺网渔业的可持续发展。

We conducted a gillnet fishery survey during April 21 ~ 24, 2012 in northern South China Sea to obtain the information of the fishery S. comunersomi including catch composition, biological characteristics of domain species and percentage of immature fish, etc.. Moreover, we discussed the capturing parts of the domain species. The results show that the dominant species of gillnet fishery are S. commersoni, S. guttatus and Formio niger, whose IRI are 10 969. 80, 5 502.49, 1 937.34 and dominant groups of body length are 701 -800 mm, 501 ~ 600 mm, 231 -250 mm, respectively. To achieve sustainable development of gillnct fishery for Scomberomorus, it is suggested that optimum capture length for the domain species be determined, experiments of fishing gear selectivity be conducted, and relative management measures for minimum mesh size be formulated.