海河流域水生态功能一级二级分区

Regionalization of the Freshwater Eco-regions in the Haihe River Basin of China

水生态功能分区是实现流域水环境"分区、分级、分期和分类"管理的基础.通过分析海河流域的陆地和水生态系统特点,确定了一级二级分区的指标体系,一级分区指标包括地貌类型、径流深、年降水量、年蒸发量,反映水资源供给功能的空间格局特征,共划分了6个一级水生态功能区;二级分区利用植被类型和土壤类型的空间异质性,反映流域生态水文过程及水质净化功能的空间格局特征,共划分了16个二级水生态功能区.最后,通过野外调查各个分区的水生态系统结构和生境差异性(水量、水质、河流生境、水生动植物等),对一级和二级分区结果进行了评价.分区结果能够为海河流域的水质目标管理和区域生态环境建设提供支持,分区方法和指标体系也可以为国内其它类似流域的水生态功能分区提供参考.

There is a growing concern about the ecological conditions in the Haihe River which have been profoundly impacted by the growing human population and intensifying development over the past several decades.By identifying the spatial characteristics of terrestrial and fluvial landscapes,we propose the guidelines and criterions for regionalizing the freshwater ecosystems in the Haihe River basin.The first-level and second-level zones reflect the spatial patterns of the natural backgrounds which could impact the surface water quantity and quality.The 6 first-level zones are regionalized according to topographic characteristics,runoff depth,annual precipitation and evaporation.They represent the spatial pattern of water resource quantity.The 16 second-level zones are regionalized according to the vegetation and soil types overlaid by the first-level zones.They represent the spatial patterns of eco-hydrological processes and water purifying functions of terrestrial landscapes.Finally,the eco-regions are evaluated by the field survey data including water quality,aquatic vegetation and zoobenthos communities.This study could potentially be used to guide the decision-making process for the management of water resources and local ecological projects in the Haihe River basin.The methods formulated in this research can possibly provide important references for other watersheds in China.