天津成人头发指甲中有机氟污染物的残留特征

Residue of Organic Fluorine Pollutants in Hair and Nails Collected from Tianjin

为探究头发指甲中有机氟污染物的残留特征及分布规律,应用循环中子活化与液质联用相结合的方法研究了天津成人发甲样品中的总氟(total fluorine,TF)、可萃取的有机氟(extractable organic fluorine,EOF)和全氟化合物(perfluorinatedchemicals,PFCs)的残留水平.结果表明头发、指甲中TF以无机氟(均值:2.0 mg·kg-1,4.5 mg·kg-1)为主,EOF(均值:0.7mg·kg-1,1.8 mg·kg-1)为辅;头发、指甲中可鉴别的F(均值:0.038 mg·kg-1,0.047 mg·kg-1)分别占其EOF的7.1%(2.6%～16%)和3.5%(1.1%～11%),显示84%以上的EOF仍属未知.发甲中PFCs残留主要为中、短链PFCs,其中全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟辛酸、全氟壬酸为其主要残留种态.染烫头发中TF、EOF、可鉴别F均显著高于非染烫头发(P<0.05),但发甲中ΣPFCs残留未见性别间显著性差异.指甲中ΣPFCs和典型残留PFOS均极显著高于头发(P<0.01),是较头发更灵敏的指示人体PFCs暴露水平潜在的生物指示物.

In order to explore the residue and distributions of organic fluorine pollutants in hair and nails,the residue levels of total fluorine（TF）,extractable organic fluorine（EOF） and perfluorinated chemicals（PFCs） in hair and nails collected from Tianjin adults were measured by the cyclic neutron activation analysis（CNAA） combined with the high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS/MS）.The results showed that inorganic fluorine（mean： 2.0 mg·kg-1,4.5 mg·kg-1） was the primary fluorine in TF while EOF（mean： 0.7 mg·kg-1,1.8 mg·kg-1） was minor.The average amount of identified fluorine（IF） was 0.038 mg·kg-1 in hair and 0.047 mg·kg-1 in nails,accounting for 7.1%（2.6%-16%） and 3.5%（1.1%-11%） of EOF,respectively,which indicated that more than 84% of EOF was unknown.The major residue in hair and nails were medium-and short-chain PFCs,in which perfluorooctane sulfonate,perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorononanoic acid were the main species.TF,EOF and IF levels in dyed and permed hair were significantly higher than untreated hair（P0.05）,and the concentrations of ∑PFCs in hair and nails showed no difference between genders.With significantly higher levels of ∑PFCs and PFOS residues than hair（P0.01）,nails could potentially become a more sensitive bioindicator for the exposure level of PFCs in human.