传统俄罗斯宇宙观中的两种自然及索菲亚——以谢·布尔加科夫的自然哲学为例

Two Nature and Sophia in Traditional Russian View of the Universe——In Semyon Bulgakov's natural philosophy as examples

延续西方哲学脉络,传统俄罗斯宇宙论对于自然有着细密的区分,一般将自然(natura)分为能动自然和被动自然两种。前者是哲学思考的对象,后者是科学思考的对象。而现代俄罗斯哲学家谢.布尔加科夫对此问题作出了深入思考,并将能动自然视为索菲亚,剖析了能动自然-索菲亚与宇宙之间的内在关联。

continuation of the Western philosophical context, the nature（natura） have a fine distinction in traditional Russian cosmology, generally divided into the dynamic nature （natura naturans）, and the passive nature （natura naturata） two kinds. The former is the object of philosophical reflection, and the latter is the object of scientific thinking. The modern Russian philosopher Sergey Bulgakov made deep thinking on this issue,and took dynamic nature as Sophia, dissect the dynamic nature — the inherent relationship between Sofia and the universe.