超龄劳动关系之“不法”及其法律规制

On the “non-legitimacy” of over-age labor relation and It’legal regulation

劳动关系"不法"是指劳动关系不符合法律规定时的法律后果和效力状态。超龄劳动关系虽不合法,但并未丧失"从属劳动"的实质特征。基于社会法的"扶权"理念,劳动法应当彰显其社会保障的法益功能,正确处理好超龄劳动关系的可受保障性问题。规制劳动关系"不法"的法律思路是:应当汲取劳动关系与劳动法律关系以及事实劳动关系的区分意义;劳动关系应当与社会保障关系"有限脱钩";应采取"用工事实—劳动关系—劳动者—用人单位"的逻辑顺序来认识劳动关系的主体;应当对劳动关系进行多层次、不同标准的保护。

＂Non-legitimacy＂ of Labor relation refers to the legal consequences and states when the labor relation is not in accordance with the law.Over-age labor relation may not be illegal,but it does not lose ＂the affiliation＂ as the substantive characteristics of labor relations.Considering the ＂supporting the right theory＂ of social law,labor law should reflect its social security function legal and handle correctly the security problems of over-age labor relations.To regulate ＂Non-legitimacy＂ of labor relation,legal ideas is： we should absorb the distinct significance among the labor relation,legal work relation and factual work relation;we should make the ＂limited decoupling＂ between labor relation and social security relationship;we should take the logical sequence of ＂employment facts—labor relation—worker— the employer＂ to understand the labor relation;we should protect the labor relations at multiple levels and with different standards.