司法解释的合法性危机——以《婚姻法解释(三)》为视角

Legitimacy crisis of judicial interpretation:based on The Third Interpretation of Marriage Law

当下中国,司法解释的立法化倾向已非常明显,由《婚姻法解释(三)》引发的争议即可见司法解释在目前存在的诸多问题:如司法解释权力依据的不统一、解释权限的不明晰、法律解释方法的恣用等。要解决司法解释陷入的合法性危机,就必须在立法上首先统一司法解释权的权力来源,并在立法中规范权力行使的界限和程序,将司法解释权限定在具体个案围绕法律文本的适用过程中,最后在行使司法解释权时应围绕解释的目的慎用法律解释方法,在坚持"尊重法律"的基础上,首选语义解释,对其他法律解释方法的采纳必须负担论证义务,由此才能确保司法解释的合法性。

It is visible that judicial interpretation tends to be legislation in China.There are many problems of judicial interpretation after The Third Interpretation of Marriage Law issues： such as the judicial interpretation power is based on the disunity,the interpretation of the privilege is not clear,the unbridled use of legal interpretation methods.In order to solve the legitimacy crisis of judicial interpretation,we have to unify the power of judicial interpretation,clear the boundary and procedure of that power,and limit the power of judicial interpretation in specific cases by applying text of law.Finally,in the exercise of judicial interpretation the methods should be around the purpose of interpretation,on the basis of respect of the law,of which the first choice must be the text interpretation.Other methods of legal interpretation must bear the obligation of the argument,which can ensure the legitimacy of judicial interpretation.