老年精神障碍照料者生命质量调查及其影响因素分析

Quality of life and influencing factors of caregivers of senile patients with mental disorders

目的调查老年精神障碍照料者的生命质量状况，并分析其影响因素。方法对98名老年精神障碍照料者采用自编一般情况调查表、健康状况调查问卷、Zarit照料者负担问卷和社会支持评定量表进行测评分析。结果照料者生命质量分级以中等为主，占56．12％；不同类型老年精神障碍患者照料者的健康状况调查问卷的8个维度和2个综合测量指标评分比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；照料者是否患有疾病、Zarit照料者负担问卷总分和家庭人均月收入是影响健康状况调查问卷生理健康指标评分的重要因素（P〈0．05或0．01），照料者是否患有疾病、社会支持评定量表总分和Zarit照料者负担问卷总分是影响心理健康指标评分的重要因素（P〈0．05或0．01）。结论大部分老年精神障碍照料者生命质量不佳。老年精神障碍照料者的生命质量状况与患者的精神疾病种类无关；照料者负担重、自身罹患疾病、社会支持差、家庭人均月收入低是影响其生命质量的重要因素。

Objective To investigate quality of life of caregivers of senile patients with mental disorders and analyze influencing factors. Methods Assessments were carried out with the Self-made General Infor- mation Questionnaire （SGIQ）, Short Form-36 Health Survey Questionnaire （SF-36）, Zarit Caregiver Bur- den Questionnaire （ZBI） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） among 98 caregivers of senile patients with mental disorders. Results Quality of life of 57% caregivers was moderate; there were no significant differences in 8 dimensions and 2 comprehensive measuring indexes scores of the SF-36 among caregivers of senile patients with different mental disorders （P〉 0. 05） ; important factors influencing physical health score of the SF-36 were caregivers with or without diseases, the total score of the ZBI and family monthly income per capita （P〈0.05 or 0.01）, those influencing mental health score were caregivers with or with- out diseases and the total scores of the SSRS and ZBI （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion Quality of life of most caregivers of senile patients with mental disorders is poor. Quality of life of caregivers isn＇t associat- ed with patients＇ diseases; important factors influencing their quality of life are heavy burden, their disea- ses, poor social support and low family monthly income Per capita.