孤独症儿童心理理论与社会生活能力对照研究

A control study of autistic child＇s theory of mind and sociallife ability

目的探讨孤独症儿童的心理理论与社会生活能力，为孤独症的治疗提供理论依据。方法将72例孤独症儿童设为研究组，同期按随机配对原则选取72名健康儿童设为对照组，对两组采用意外地点任务、外表一真实区分任务和错误图画任务来测试心理理论，采用婴儿一初中生社会生活能力量表评定社会生活能力。结果研究组儿童各项心理理论任务的通过率显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）；研究组儿童婴儿一初中生社会生活能力量表各因子评分显著低于对照组（P〈0．05或o．01）。结论孤独症儿童存在不同程度的心理理论缺损，且社会生活能力低下。

Objective To explore autistic child＇s theory of mind and social-life a-bility in order to provide theory basis for autism treatment. Methods Seventy-two autism children were assigned to research group and 72 healthy ones selected according to random pair contemporaneously, theo- ry of mind was tested with unexpected-location, appearance-reality distinction and false drawing task, So- cial-life abilities were assessed with the Infant-Junior Middle School Students＇ Social-life Abilities Scale （SM）. Results Compared with the control group pass rate of each task in theory of mind （P〈0.01） and each factor score of the SM in research group were significantly lower （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion Children with autism have varying degrees of defect of theory of mind and lower social-life ability.