哮喘儿童焦虑症状现状及相关因素分析

Analysis on status and related factors of anxiety of asthma children

目的了解哮喘儿童焦虑症状及其影响因素,为哮喘儿童进行健康宣教提供依据。方法使用基本情况调查表和儿童焦虑障碍自评量表(SCARED)对2011年8～11月就诊于重庆医科大学附属儿童医院哮喘中心的408例8～16岁城市哮喘儿童进行焦虑症状现状及影响因素的调查。结果哮喘儿童焦虑症状检出率为38.0%,焦虑评分高于全国健康儿童常模,躯体化/惊恐、广泛性焦虑、社交焦虑各分量表得分13～16岁年龄组高于8～<13岁年龄组;分离性焦虑8～<13岁组女孩得分最高,焦虑障碍量表总得分8～<13岁组男孩最低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);多元逐步回归分析显示父母对哮喘的认识程度、肺功能测试情况和父母婚姻3个变量是影响哮喘儿童焦虑症状的主要因素。结论哮喘儿童的焦虑症状较为普遍,临床工作人员应该结合其影响因素,实施针对性的健康教育,从而提高哮喘儿童生活质量。

Objective To investigate the asthmatic children with anxiety disorder and its influencing factors,in order to provide a reference for active intervention. Methods Totally 408 8--16 year-old urban children with asthma,who were obtained a treatment in Asthma Center of Children ts Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2011 to November 2011, were investigated by using the basic situation questionnaire and the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders （SCARED）. Results The prevalence of asthmatic children with anxiety disorder was 38.0%. Somatization / panic,generalized anxiety and social anxiety score in 13--16 years old group was significantly higher than that of the 8--〈13 years old group. Separation anxiety score was highest in the 8--〈13 years old girlrs group,and the total score of Anxiety Disorder Scale was lowest in the 8--〈 13 years old boy＇s group （P〈0.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that those factors, such as the parental recognition degree,lung function and marital of parents were the main influential factors of asthmatic children with anxiety disorder. Conclusion Anxiety of asthma children is universal. Clinical staff should practice directive health education combined with the influential factors, in order to improve the quality of asthma childrents life.