农村社区健康老年人的社会支持状况及其相关因素分析

Analysis on the social support status of the healthy rural elderly people and the related factors

目的探讨重庆市农村社区健康老年人的社会支持状况及其影响因素。方法随机抽取重庆市农村老人家庭820户,对符合选取条件的588名健康老年人,采用社会支持评定量表进行评定。结果农村老年人社会支持总分为(32.48±6.34)分,低于国内常模(P<0.01)。女性、高龄、低文化、无配偶、无子女、独居、亲子关系差、经济收入低、有慢性病、生活能力差、认知水平较高的老年人社会支持较低(P<0.05)。生活能力、家庭因素、经济收入及性格特征是社会支持的主要影响因素。结论增加农村老年人的社会支持,有助于改善生活质量和促进身心健康。

Objective To explore the social support status of healthy rural elderly people in Chongqing and its influencing fac- tors. Methods 588 healthy elderly people in Chongqing rural communities were selected. Social support rating scale （SSRS） was used as a tool for assessment. Results The total score of social support was 32.48±6.34,significantly lower than the national norm（P〈0.01 ）. SSRS score displayed that female, senior citizens, low education, no spouse, no children, solitary, poor parent-child relationship,low income, chronic diseases, poor life, and high cognition level in the elderly induced lower social support（P〈0.05）. Life ability,income,family and character factors were the major influencing factors of social support. Conclusion Enhancing the social support to the rural elderly people is good for improving the overall quality of living, and promote body and mind health.