上海金山地区2009-2011年儿童流感病毒感染的监测

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in children in Jingshan, Shanghai from 2009 to 2011

目的监测流感病毒在上海金山地区儿童中的流行情况。方法2009年9月至2011年7月以0～14岁流感样疾病门诊患儿为监测对象，采集患儿的咽拭子送至国家网络实验室进行流感病毒检测和分型。结果共采集咽拭标本1760份，分离出流感病毒367株（20．85％），其中200株（11．36％）为新型甲型H1N1型流感病毒，126株（7．16％）为乙型流感病毒，41株为甲型H3N2流感病毒（2．33％）。上海金山地区儿童流感流行见于秋冬季节，可见新型甲型H1N1流感、乙型流感和季节性甲型H3N2流感病毒的交替流行。367例流感病毒感染的患儿中，4～6岁儿童有237例（64．58％），明显高于0～3岁和7～14岁年龄组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论在监测期间上海金山地区儿童中新型甲型H1N1、乙型流感病毒及甲型H3N2流感病毒同时流行，不同年份的优势流行株不同，学龄前儿童为主要易感儿童。

Objective To survey the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in children in Jinshan district, Shang- hai. Methods Pharyngeal swabs were obtained from outpatients aged 0-14 years with influenza-like illness from September 2009 to July 2011. Influenza virus were detected and typed in the reference laboratory of National Influenza Surveillance Network. Results A total of 1760 pharyngeal swabs were collected and 376 influenza viruses were isolated （20.85%）. Two hundred of these influenza virus strains （11.36%） were identified as novel influenza A （HIN1） virus, 126 （7.16%） as influenza B virus and 41 （2.33%） as influenza A （H3N2） virus.Alternate outbreak ofH1N1, influenza B and H3N3 were common in children in Jinshan district. Children aged 4-6 years were 237 （64.58%）, and the incidence of influenza in this age group was more than those in 0-3 and 7-14 years age groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Novel influenza A （H1N1）, influenza B and influenza A （H3N2） virus co-circulate during the surveillance period, and the dominant type of influenza virus varies across years. Preschool chil-dren are more susceptible to influenza.