小猪糖尿病下肢血管病变模型的建立

Establishment of Diabetes Peripheral Arterial Disease Model of Minipig

目的建立小猪糖尿病下肢血管病变模型,为介入研究提供合适的模型。方法选用8头小猪,实验组(n=4)静脉注射链脲菌素(STZ),对照组(n=4)注射等量生理盐水,监测用药前后空腹血糖(FPG)和餐后2h血糖(PG2h)。待小猪血糖升高2周后行介入操作。全麻后颈部切开,暴露右侧颈总动脉穿刺置鞘,DSA透视下导引导管造影明确下肢动脉情况,选定无明显分支的一段血管作为靶血管,用球囊按照(1.2～1.3)∶1比例对选定血管扩张。3个月后行CTA复查,并取靶血管行组织病理学检查。结果实验组注射STZ后血糖升高且稳定,对照组血糖无明显变化。球囊扩张后即刻造影显示靶血管较前扩张,对血管壁损伤明确。3个月后CTA随访显示靶血管无明显狭窄,HE染色显示实验组血管内膜明显增厚。结论本方法制备的小猪糖尿病下肢血管病变模型简单,成功率高,可以为介入研究提供稳定的模型。

Objective To establish a diabetes peripheral arterial disease model of minipig, thus to provide an animal model for in- tervention research. Methods Eight minipigs were randomly divided into 2 groups. Minipigs in Experiment group （ n = 4） were intrave- nously streptozocin （ STZ）, and control group （ n = 4） intravenously normal saline instead. Changes of fasting plasma glucose （FPG） and postprandial 2h blood glucose （PG2h） were monitored. After glucose rose and maintained 2 weeks, intervention operation was carried out. After general anesthesia, the neck of minipig was cut apart and bluntly dissected. Right common carotid artery was chosen, punctured and inserted sheath. With digital substraction angiography （DSA） guiding catheter angiography to define the diameter of hind leg arteries, we used balloon to dilate the selected vessel with the ratio of （ 1.2 - 1.3） ： 1. Three months later. Target vessels were reviewed by computer tomography angiography （CTA） and histopathology respectively. Results Glucose in experiment group rose and maintained steadily, and glucose in control group no obvious changes. After balloon dilating, immediately re - angiography indicated target vessel expanded cem- pared with before. 3 months later, CTA showed no vessels stenosis occurring. HE stain indicated that the intima of experiment group was obvious thicker than that of control group. Conclusion This minipig model of diabetes peripheral arterial disease is easy to establish and well reproducible, which can provide a stable model for intervention research.