细菌耐药性分析与抗菌药物的应用

Analysis of Utilization and Resistance of Antibacterial Drugs

目的:通过对抗菌药物应用和细菌耐药情况的分析,为临床合理选择抗菌药物提供依据。方法:对2011年7—12月某院感染患者送检标的微生物实验数据报告及销售金额排序前35位抗菌药物的用药频度(DDDs)、限定日费用(DDC)、排序比(B/A)及分级情况进行统计、分析。结果:2011年下半年送检4 884份标本,细菌培养及培养+药敏检测出细菌55种,共计677株,其中耐药菌株187株;销售金额排序前3位的药品分别为头孢西丁钠、头孢美唑、哌拉西林钠/舒巴坦钠;DDDs排序前3位的药品分别为头孢地尼分散片、头孢噻肟钠、头孢丙烯干混悬剂(胶囊);DDC排序前3位的药品分别为亚胺培南/西司他丁钠、拉氧头孢、美罗培南。结论:随着细菌耐药性日趋严重,应加强对抗菌药物的监管,提高临床合理用药水平和销售金额与用量的同步性。

OBJECTIVE：To analyze the antibiotic use and the antibiotic resistance for clinical reference of rational use of antibiotics.METHODS：The experimental data on the microorganism specimens of patients with infection in our hospital sent for test during July-December period of 2011 and the DDDs,defined daily cost（DDC）,serial number ratio（B/A） and classification of the top 35 antibiotics ranked by consumption sum were analyzed statistically.RESULTS：4 884 specimens in the second half of 2011 were sent for test.By using bacterial culture alone or in combination of drug susceptibility test,a total of 55 kinds of bacteria have been detected which totalled 677 strains,with 187 resistant strains.Cefotetan sodium,cefmetazole and piperacillin sodium/sulbactum sodium dominated the top 3 ranked by consumption sum.Cefdinir dispersible tablets,cefotaxime sodium and cefprozil for suspension（capsule） dominated the top 3 ranked by DDDs.Imipenem/Cilastatin sodium,latamoxef and meropenem dominated the top 3 ranked by DDC.CONCLUSION：In view of the increased bacterial resistance,it is important to tighten monitoring on antibiotic use,improve the rational drug use level and the synchronism of consumption sum with consumption amount.