流动的现代性:国有单位职工流动性的统计描述

Population Pressure and the Change of Danwei Society: A Statistical Analysis of Staff Mobility in the State-owned Danwei

长期以来,计划与市场一直被视为单位社会变迁现代性内涵的重要解释变量,而日益增长的人口压力在其间的突出作用却鲜有触及。从社会人口学的视角,关注于国有单位职工的流动性,从时间、空间和动力三个维度探讨了人口压力与单位社会变迁紧密相关的现代性内涵。时间上,单位社会的现代性变迁呈现为倒U形,具有鲜明的"制度堕距"特征;空间上,单位社会的现代性变迁展现了人口蓄水池从乡村转移到城市的历程,具有东、中、西部同步即时效应与第一、二、三产业异时累积效应;无论时间维度,还是空间维度,都是一个"单位性依赖"的克服过程,其间既有市场导向"拉"的作用,更有政府主导的产业剥离"推"的作用。单位社会的变迁是现代性逻辑的必然结果,它的结构性作用仍将长期凸现。

From the perspective of social demography and focus on staff mobility in the state - owned Danwei, the paper discusses the complex relationships between the population pressure and the change of Danwei society by three dimensions. From time dimension, the change of Danwei society presents as Kuznets curve, and has significant character of system lag; from space dimension, the change of Danwei society shows a change process of population reservoir from rural to urban, and has the cumulate effect of the industrial asynchronous and the instantaneous effect of regional synchronous;from power dimension, the change of Danwei society is an overcome process of Unit dependence by Push - pull effect. In a word, the change of Danwei Society is inevitable result of modernity;the structural role of Post - Danwei Society will be protruded for a long time.