蒙古国达尔罕地区樟子松、白桦及其林下土壤氮、磷、钾含量研究

THE STUDY ON SOIL AND ARBORS NITROGEN、PHOSPHORUS、 POTASSIUM CONTENT OF Mongolica LITV AND Betula platyphylla FOREST OF DARKHAN IN MONGOLIA

蒙古国,位于亚洲中部,蒙古高原北部,在其东北部和西南部分布着广袤的森林,东北部达尔罕地区森林在近30年受到过采伐等人为干扰,从而出现一些水土流失、植被退化等环境问题。本文对其森林土壤及其林木N、P、K含量进行了本地调查和研究,在白桦和樟子松林的研究结果表明:(1)樟子松林和白桦林林下土壤中K的含量最高,其次是N,最低是P,其同时K元素相对稳定;(2)林下土壤N的含量在0～50cm之间随土壤深度的增加呈减少趋势,0～20cm之间白桦林土壤N的含量高于樟子松林,20cm往下变化相对稳定;(3)白桦林土壤中P的含量随土壤深度的加深呈减小趋势,而樟子松林随深度的增加呈增加趋势;(4)樟子松和白桦N、P、K的含量总体上呈现N>K>P,白桦的N、P的含量相对均高于樟子松。

Mongolia located in central Asia, of northern Mongolian plateau, and distributed the vast forests in northeast and south-west. The forest in northeast of darfur region in Abraham had been disturbed for nearly 30 years by human interference, thus the environmental problems of water and soil loss, vegetation degeneration began to emerge, the Mongolica Litv and Betula plytyphylla were selected as the research object this paper in order to research the forest soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content and make the vegetation investigation. The result showed that the soil K eontent of Mongolica Litv and Betula plytyphyUa is the highest, then followed by N, the P is minimum, the K content is relatively stable. Forest soil N content decreased in 0 - 50cm with the depth increasing, the soil N content of white birch forest in 0 - 20era was higher than Mongolica Litv forest, then changed relatively stable under 20cm. Soil P content of white birch forest showed a trend of decrease with the soil depth, while increasing in Mongolica Litv forest . The N, P, K content of Mongolica and birch forest was N 〉 K 〉 P, the N, P content of white birch forest were higher than Mongolica Lhtv.