语境与高层转喻:基于现代汉语间接拒绝的探讨

Context and High-level Metonymy:A Study of the Chinese Indirect Refusals

间接拒绝言语行为按照场境理论应该可以用转喻思维做出解释,本文重点探讨现代汉语间接拒绝言语行为在不同语境下转喻操作的情况,首先从语境考虑对现代汉语间接拒绝做出新的分类,接着重点探讨了间接拒绝中转喻操作的特点和规律。发现间接拒绝中的转喻通常是多域操作,存在两次映射,并且多话轮的间接拒绝中经常存在两种转喻链:从直接到间接和从间接到直接。

According to Scenario Theory, Indirect Speech Acts can be explained by metonymy, so it is proposed that Chi- nese indirect refusals should be explained by metonymy. But how metonymy works in Chinese indirect refusal in different situation is the focus of the present paper. Taking context into consideration we give a new classification to Chinese indirect refusals. Then we focus on how metonymy works in indirect refusals. From many analyses it is concluded that metonymy in indirect refusals is usually a multi-domain operation with two mapping steps. Two kinds of metonymy train can he found now and then, from direct to indirect, or vice versa.