西方哲学中的复制论

The Copying Theory in Western Philosophy

哲学史上没有"复制论"一说。但只要稍加注意,就可在哲学理论中清理出一条关于复制的思想脉络,从古至今延绵不断。这条脉络,本文称作"复制论",并非由同一个流派传承所致,而是由不同的流派甚至是对立的流派接续而成。有的涉及语言和世界的外部关系,有的涉及语言和思维的内部关系。本文将简述四位哲学家的复制观。这四位哲学家是:柏拉图、亚里斯多德、休谟、前期维特根斯坦。

There has been nothing that is called ＂copying theory＂ in the history of philosophy.Yet,a little more careful examination will certainly enable us to see a thread of thought about ＂copying＂,which runs continuously from ancient times to the modern day.This thread,i.e.,the copying theory as termed in the title—is not a trace left behind by one school of thought but formed and extended by different or even opposite schools of thought,some of which concern the relation between language and the external world,others the relation between language and thought.This paper is intended to talk about the ideas of ＂copying＂ from the four philosophers given below： Plato,Aristotle,Hume and early Wittgenstein.