密度对两个春玉米品种产量及产量相关性状的影响

Effects of Plant Density on the Yield and Its Related Traits in Two Spring Maize Varieties

采用2因素裂区设计方法,研究了密度对两个春播玉米品种产量及产量相关性状的影响。结果表明:强盛49和奥玉3101的叶面积指数均随着密度的增加而增大,前期叶面积指数增长较慢,中期增长速率加快,到吐丝期达到最大,密度对两个品种的LAI的影响差异不显著;两个品种的穗数、穗粒数以及百粒重均与密度之间存在一定的线性关系,其中穗数与密度存在正相关线性关系,而穗粒数和百粒重与密度的线性关系表现为负相关;两个品种的产量均随密度的增加呈现先增大后降低的趋势,产量和密度之间呈二次回归方程。本试验条件下,强盛49的最适宜密度约为4.2645万株.hm-2,奥玉3101的最适宜密度约为5.3745万株.hm-2,在此密度下,两个品种的产量分别达到11 820.3kg.hm-2和11 225.55kg.hm-2。

Two spring maize varieties were used to study the effects of different plant density on maize yield and related traits by two-factor split plot experiment design. The result showed that leaf area index （LAD of Qiangsheng49 and Aoyu3101 increased with the increase of density. The LAI increased slowly at early stage, fast at middle stage and reached the maximal value at spinning stage. Density had an insignificant effect on LAI values of the two varieties. There existed a linear relation between spike number, grain number per spike, 100-grain weight and density, respec- tively. There was positive linear relation between spike number and density, while negative linear relation existed be- tween grain number per spike, 100-grain weight and density. The yield showed a curve that increase in the beginning and then drop as plant density increased. The relationship of yield of these two varieties and density were conformed to a quadratic regression equation. The suitable plant density of Qiangsheng49 and Aoyu3101 were about 42 645 and 53 745 plants per square hectare, respectively under this experimental condition. With this suitable plant density, the yield of Qiangsheng49 and Aoyu3101 were 11 820.3 and 11 225.55 kg hm-2 , respectively.