一种含断层的复杂层状地质体三维自动构模方法研究

Study of 3D automatic modeling method of complex geological layer including faults

为了使复杂地质体建模过程趋向于自动化、简单化,在分析了复杂层状地质体的空间信息特征的基础上,提出了一种针对含断层的层状地质体的自动构建方法。该方法先对地质钻孔资料、地质报告图进行预处理,从而获得离散的数据点;然后选择基于表面模型的建模方法,根据从钻孔分层信息到剖面图再到地层面的建模流程,分别构建出地质体的顶、底两个地层表面模型;根据空间拓扑关系处理断层结构,将断层以两条首尾相连的约束线嵌入地面模型中;最后使用轮廓线拼接法生成侧面,将顶、底、侧面缝合成封闭的三维地层体模型。利用自主开发的三维可视化系统对该方法进行验证实现,并成功应用于山西省某煤田矿区的三维地质建模中,实践表明,该建模方法高效快速,自动化程度高,所构建的地质体模型表达复杂地质结构的效果良好。

In order to automate and simplify the process of complex geological object modeling,based on analyzing the spatial characteristics of complex geological layer,a new automatic modeling method which aims at the geological layer including faults is put forward.This method firstly preprocesses the geological drilling material and geologic report figure to get the data of discrete points;the data will be stored in a database.Then choosing a modeling method based on surface model,the top surface and bottom surface models of the geological entity are established separately in the process that originates from borehole stratified information to profile map and ends up at geologic surface.According to the topological space,the method constructs faults with their fault lines and insets them into the original surface.Finally,by using contour line joining to generate the side-surface,it sutures those surfaces into a closed 3D geological object model.A 3D visualization system which is developed independently is used to verify this method,and it is successfully put into use to construct the 3D geological modeling of a coal mine in Shanxi Province.Experiment shows that the method is fast and efficient with high automation;the effect of the constructed model that expresses complex geological structure is good.