海南甘蔗丛枝菌根种类鉴定

Identification of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sugarcane in Hainan Province

从海南7个市县的甘蔗主产区采集了20份甘蔗根际土样,采用Gendeman的湿筛倾析-糖液离心法分离土样中的孢子,依据形态学方法初步鉴定出6属31种丛枝菌根真菌,包括19个确定种,12个待确定种;其中,无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)有11个种,已确定7个种;原囊霉属(Archaeospora)有1个确定种;球囊霉属(Glomus)有12个种,已确定5个种;巨孢囊霉属(Gigaspora)有2个确定种;盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)有4个确定种;多孢囊霉属(Diversispora)有1个待定种。对已确定的19个种的菌根真菌进行了形态描述。孢子分离结果表明:球囊霉属(Glomus)分离频率最高,是海南甘蔗根际丛枝菌根真菌的优势属;悬钩子球囊霉(G.rubiforme)分离频率最高,是31个种中的优势种。

Sugar cane is the most important sugar crop in China, and Hainan Province is one of the four major sugar cane producing areas. Arbuscular mycorrhizae （AM） are highly beneficial for the sugarcane in growth and stress resistance. Twenty samples of sugarcane rhizosphere soil were collected from 7 cities or towns in Hainan, from which a total of 31 AM fungi belonging to 6 genera were isolated by using Gendemann＇ s Wet-screening method. Of these AM fungi 19 were identified and described based on their main morphological characteristics and 12 were not yet identified. The identified AM fungi included 7 Acaulospora species, 1 Archaeospora species, 6 Glomus species, 2 Gigaspora species and 4 Scutellospora species. Spore isolation from the samples showed that Glomus gave the highest isolation frequency among the 6 genera of AM fungi isolated and that Glomus rubiforme was isolated at the highest frequency among the 31 AM fungus species.