安福县铁丝岭夏季鸟类群落结构

Summer avian community structure in tiesiling of anfu county,jangxi province

2012年6～7月,通过对江西吉安市安福县铁丝岭夏季鸟类群落结构进行了调查,总共观察到507只鸟类个体,隶属于10目,25科,52种。其中雀形目和鹳形目鸟类在个体数量和种类上都占据了绝对优势地位,树麻雀和池鹭为其中的绝对优势种。在居留型组成上,留鸟无论在个体数量分布还是种数分布都占最高比例,分别占据全部鸟类的69%和81%。铁丝岭地区鸟类群多多样性指数为3.27,均匀性指数为0.83。在调查的五个鸟类生境中,常绿阔叶林鸟类群落多样性最高,为2.79,而水库群落的均匀性指数最高,达到0.94。另外,随着海拔的升高,鸟类种类和数量都表现明显下降的趋势。总之,栖息地生境生产力的差异在很大程度上决定了不同生境鸟类分布的特点,而栖息地的相似性则决定了鸟类群落组成的相似程度。

Survey on the avian summer community was conducted in Tiesiling area of Anfu County,Jiangxi Province from June to July of 2012,. The results showed that there were 507 bird individuals totally,which belonged to 10 orders,25 families or 52 species. Among these birds,Passeriforrnes and Ciconiiformes domi-nated in the proportions of individuals and species numbers. Especially, Passe montanus and Ardeola bac-chus were the most predominant in the whole avian community. The proportions of both individuals and species numbers were highest for the residents, which were 69 % and 81% ,respectively. The indices of the whole avian species diversity and evenness approached to 3.27 and 0.83 in the investigated area,respective-ly. The broad-leaved evergreen forests community owned the highest values of species diversity （2.79）, while the reservoir community owned highest evenness （0.94） in all 5 different habitats. In addition, the values of individuals and species numbers showed the tendency of decline with the increase of the elevation. Overall, the level of productivity of habitat largely determined the distribution characteristics of birds in different habitats. On the other hand, the similarity of the habitat determined the similarity degree of the composition of avian communities.