政府卫生支出的差异性评估:基于省际、区域和城乡的实证研究

Assessment on the Differences of Government Health Expenditures:Empirical Research Based on Inter-Provincial,Regional and Urban and Rural Areas

本文聚焦政府卫生支出的差异性,运用基尼系数、泰勒指数等方法,定量研究省际、区域间和城乡间政府卫生支出的不均衡状况和程度,研究发现,经济发展水平决定了各地政府卫生支出的水平和居民医疗卫生服务的水平。医疗卫生资源的配置不当和制度缺陷是造成目前政府卫生支出不均衡的主要原因。在新医改的背景下,调整发展思路,完善相关制度有助于改善政府卫生支出不均衡的状况。但是,制度的惯性和体制的约束决定了不均衡状况的改变将是一项长期的工作。

Focusing on the disparity of government expenditures on health care and using Gini coefficient and Theil index, this paper studies the extent of imbalances of government health spending across provinces, inter - regions and between urban and rural areas. The result of study is that the level of economic development determines the levels of local governments spending on health care and residents~ health care services. Misallocation of health resources and institutional weaknesses are causing the current imbalance in government health expenditure. In the context of the new health care reform, adjusting the development strategy and improving the relevant systems may be helpful to improve the unbalanced situation of government health expenditures. However, it is a long - term work to change the imbalances due to the inertia and constraint of institutions.