天津市滨海与甘肃省甘谷县两地居民创伤骨折特点分析

Analysis on Characteristics of Residents with Fracture in Binhai Area of Tianjin City and Gangu County of Gansu Province

目的回顾性研究分析并比较天津滨海、甘肃省甘谷县两所医院收治四肢、脊柱创伤性骨折的发病特点。方法对2007年10月至2011年9月天津市第五中心医院和甘肃省甘谷县人民医院收治的骨折患者临床资料进行回顾性分析并比较。结果甘谷县人民医院婴幼儿、4～14岁儿童骨折构成百分比明显高于天津市第五中心医院(均P<0.01);天津市第五中心医院60岁以上骨折患者构成百分比、60岁以上女性骨折患者构成百分比明显多于甘谷县人民医院(P<0.01)。甘谷县人民医院4～14岁儿童摔伤、高处坠落构成百分比显著高于天津市第五中心医院,天津市第五中心医院婴幼儿、4～14岁儿童机动车构成百分比显著高于甘谷县人民医院(均P<0.01);14岁以上骨折患者中,天津市第五中心医院机动车、高处坠落、重物砸伤、扭伤、斗殴、机器事故引起骨折构成百分比明显高于甘谷县人民医院(均P<0.01),并且高能量损伤(1 217例,49.5%)明显多于甘谷县人民医院(389例,17.0%)(P<0.01);甘谷县人民医院摔伤、自行车、不同平面坠落、摩托车、其他车辆(农用车、脚踏车)引起骨折构成百分比明显高于天津市第五中心医院(均P<0.01)。结论滨海地区与内地甘谷县因居住、生活环境、主要生产、交通工具不同,骨折的流行病学不同。了解两个地区不同的骨折流行病学特点和发生规律,有助于预防和减少骨折发生率,并根据不同情况采取相应的治疗措施,提高救治质量。

Objective A retrospective analysis on the characteristics of fracture patients in two hospitals. Methods From October 2007 to September 2011, a retrospective and comparative analysis on fracture patients in Fifth Centre Hospital of Tianjin and People＇s Hospital in Gangu County was performed. Results Fracture percentage of infants and children aged from 4 to 14 years in Gangu County People＇s Hospital were significantly larger than that in Fifth Centre Hospital of Tianjin （ all P 〈0. 01 ）. Percentage of fracture patients over 60 years old and women over 60 years old in Fifth Centre Hos- pital of Tianjin were significantly more than that in Gangu County People＇s Hospital （ all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Damage from failing and toppling from the heights as for children aged from 4 to 14 years accounted for significantly large percentage in Gangu County People＇s Hospital than that in Fifth Centre Hospital of Tianjin （all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Fracture of children aged from 4 to 14 years because of motor vehicle accident constituted higher percentage in Fifth Centre Hospital of Tianjin than that in Gangu County People＇s Hospital （all P 〈 0. 01 ）. Of fracture patients over 14 years old, those associated with high fall, traffic accident and heavy pound injury, sprain, fight and machine accident made up higher proportion in Fifth Centre Hos- pital than those in Gangu County People＇s Hospital （ all P 〈 0. 01 ）, high energy traumas in Fifth Centre Hospital of Tianjin （ 1 217 cases, 49.5% ） were significantly more than that of Gangu County People＇s Hospital （389cases, 17.0% ） （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Fractures resulting from fall damage, bike, motorcycle and other vehicle （agricultural vehicle and bicycle） accidents, drop from different planes, accident accounts for significantly larger percentage in Gangu County People＇s Hospital than those in Fifth Centre Hospital of Tianjin （ all P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Because of different living environment,means of production and transportation, epidemiology of fractures has different implications in coastal areas and inland Gan- gu County. Getting to know different epidemiological characteristics of fractures in the two regions will be helpful to preventing and reducing fracture incidences, and it is also helpful to taking different protective measures and improving the treat- ment quality.