绵阳地区2006～2010年急性中毒流行病学调查

The epidemiologysurvey of acute poisoning in Mian-yang city from 2006 to 2010

目的了解2006～2010年间绵阳地区急性中毒的流行病学特点及其发生规律,为以后急性中毒的救治及预防提供科学依据。方法依据事先确定的入组标准,收集2006年1月1日～2010年12月31日经绵阳市紧急救援指挥中心受理的急性中毒患者数据,以性别、年龄、地域、时间、毒种等为观察指标,将资料建立数据库后进行统计分析,探讨其流行病学特征及相关因素。结果共有2311例急性中毒患者接受院前急救,急性中毒患者呈现增多的趋势,男女之比为1.17:1;20～40岁属好发人群;各年份无明显季节性;各年度均有急救高峰时间段;主城区占75.08%;急性中毒最多的为酒精中毒(61.66%),途径主要是消化道;公共餐饮娱乐场所和家中是高发地点。结论根据急性中毒流行病学特点,建议政府应健全法制,加强公民健康教育,完善监督与监测,健全院前急救网络,科学制定急性中毒应急救治预案,是降低中毒事件发生率和患者病死率关键措施。

Objective Cognizing the epidemiology characteristics and regulations of the acute poisoning in mianyang city from 2006 to 2010 years would be get the evidence of curing and preventing of the acute poisoning. Methods According to the as- sured standard of team, it was to collect the figure that acute poisoning the mianyang city first-aid serviced from January I th ,2006 to December 31 th,2010. The observation index of sex, age,location, time and series poison, this paper contents statistics and anal- ysis of the data after the establishment of database data, and finally discusses the epidemiologieal characteristics and related fac- tors. Results A total of 2311 patients with acute poisoning first-aid patients, patients with acute poisoning on the trend of in- creased, the ratio of the men and women is 1.17：1; 20 to 40 years old of the high risk group ; without obvious seasonal; Every year it has its firt-aid peak time; City 75. 08% ; The most acute poisoning for alcohol poisoning （61.66%）, the main way is the digestive tract ; Public eating places of entertainment and home is high place. Conclusion According to the acute poisoning epi- demic characteristics, it was to be suggested that the government should improve the legal system, strengthen citizens health edu- cation, improve the supervision and monitoring, and improve the first-aid network, worke out the acute poisoning contingency plan, is to reduce the incidence and mortality poisoning patients with key measures.