论我国未成年人民事案件范围的界定——评最高人民法院相关文件的规定

The Jurisdiction of the Civil Litigation with Minors Involved in China——Comments on the Relevant Stipulations in the Documents of the Supreme People's Court

未成年人民事案件的范围决定着一国少年民事司法制度的覆盖程度,也决定着未成年人专门审判组织的职能大小和对未成年人民事合法权益的保护程度。自2006年以来,最高人民法院已经对其进行了两次调整。由于未成年人民事案件审判工作需要消耗大量的司法资源,因此在确定未成年人民事案件受理范围时应当遵循经济性原则和必要性原则。基于这两个原则,我国将来正式确定的未成年人民事案件的范围应当进一步缩小,以此来保证未成年人审判组织有足够的司法资源实现其在诉讼程序方面的创新功能,提高对确有需要特别救助的未成年人的司法保护程度。

The jurisdiction of the civil litigation with minors involved determines the coverage of a country＇s civil justice of youngsters, the functions of the trial organization for juveniles and the level of protecting their legal interests. Since 2006, the Supreme People＇s Court has shifted it twice on this point. While the trial of civil cases with minors involved will highly use up a lot of the judicial resources, the scope of the jurisdiction should he determined under the principles of economy and necessity. So the scope of China＇s civil jurisdiction for minors should be narrowed in order to help the relevant trial organization have enough judicial resources to realize its functions of procedural innovation and improve the level of judicial protection for those minors in real need of special help.