住院病人医院感染调查与防控对策

INVESTIGATION AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION OF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

目的了解医院感染状况及相关因素,制定有效的预防和控制方案。方法通过回顾性调查方法,对某中医医院住院患者医院感染状况进行调查,并进行相关因素分析。结果 2009-2011年该中医院共出院28 685例患者,发生医院感染460例,平均感染率为1.65%。感染的高发部位是呼吸道,构成比为64.35%;其次是泌尿道和胃肠道。医院感染发生率以肿瘤科居首位,60岁以上老年病人占73.26%,侵入性操作、免疫抑制剂的应用和老年基础病是医院感染主要危险因素。结论中医院住院患者医院感染发病率低于全国平均水平,重症病人属最易感人群,严格执行无菌操作和加强消毒隔离措施为主要防控手段。

Objective To learn the distribution of infection and related factors of one hospital and to establish prevention and control measures. Methods The retrospective survey was used to investigate the hospital infection of inpatients in the traditional Chinese hospital. Results The average infection rate was 1.65% during year 2009 -2011 among 28 685 pa- tients with 460 nosoeomial infection cases. The infection rate of respiratory tract was the top one among the infection sites, which accounted for 64. 35% ,then followed by urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract. The age group above 60 years old was the most likely group to be infected,with a ratio of 73.26%. Thus the invasive operation, immunosuppressive application and the basic diseases of old people were the main risk factors of nosocomial infection. Conclusion The hospital infection rate of inpatients in the traditional chinese hospital is lower than that of the average level of the nations and the grave pa- tients are the most susceptible populations. Stricdy execution of sterile working and strengthening disinfection and isolation measures are the main prevention and control measures.