“资源诅咒”现象分析及其对策

Analysis of Phenomenon of “Resource Curse” and the Countermeasures

作为发展经济学领域的一个重要命题,"资源诅咒"现象自提出以来受到了广泛关注。大量研究证实了"资源诅咒"现象的存在性,并对其传导机制进行分析,但也有研究对此提出质疑,认为其存在具有条件性。产生"资源诅咒"现象的原因因地而异,尤其是不平等的资源开发利用体系导致资源输出地区受到严重"剥削",自然资源的生态价值远远没有得到体现。为消除"资源诅咒"这一怪象,在深入分析"资源诅咒"现象及其传导机制的基础上,从内部途径和外部机制两个方面阐述了消除"资源诅咒"现象、促进资源枯竭型城市转型的对策和建议,强调建立生态补偿机制的重要性,从而为消除"资源诅咒"现象、实现资源丰裕地区的可持续发展和区域共同发展提供科学基础。

As an important proposition in the field of development economics, ＂resource curse＂ has received wide atten- tion since it was put forward. Large volumes of studies have demonstrated that the phenomenon of ＂resource curse＂ does exist, and analyzed mechanisms of its transmission. However, some studies question its existence, holding that its exist- ence is conditional. The cause of the ＂resource curse＂ phenomenon is site-specific. Especially unequal resources develop- ment and utilization systems subject resource exporting regions to serious ＂exploitation＂, and ecological values of the natu- ral resources fall far from being reflected. After in-depth analysis of the phenomenon and its transmission mechanism, countermeasures and suggestions are elaborated for eliminating ＂ resource curse＂ phenomenon and for promoting the re- structuring of resource exhausted areas from the aspects of internal approaches, such as upgrading of industrial structure, investment in human capital, tax reform and institutional management, and from external mechanism such as social respon- sibility, regional coordination mechanism, carbon trading, ecological safety, green tax, consumption and pay, etc. , while stressing the importance of establishing ecological compensation mechanism, which may serve as a scientific basis for elim- inating the ＂resource curse＂ phenomenon and realizing the sustainable development of the resources-rich area and collabo- rative development of the regions.