住户特征、受教育程度与收入不平等——基于回归方程的分解

Household Characteristic,Education and Income Inequality——Decomposition Analysis Based on the Regression Equation

本文以中国营养与健康调查数据库(CHNS)中2000-2009年住户调查数据为基础构建非平衡微观面板,并采用回归方程法以及Shapley值法对收入不平等进行分解分析。实证分析结论显示,受教育程度为总体收入不平等的首要影响因素,财产因素、城乡差异因素与地区禀赋因素也是造成总体收入不平等的重要力量,而其余住户特征的影响较为微弱。这意味着,加强均等化供给教育、医疗等有助于提升人力资本的民生性公共物品,是改善收入分配行之有效的办法;其次,推动城乡与区域间统筹发展对于收入分配的改善具有重要的现实意义。

This article employs the data from CHNS （2000 -2009）, makeing a decomposition analysis of household income. The empirical analysis shows that the inequality of education becomes the most important factor which influences income inequality. The income inequality depends on the asset distribution, urban - rural gap and region gap. But the household characteristic makes a little contribution to the income inequality. It may imply that equalization of education and healthcare may be helpful to ameliorate income inequality. At the same time, alleviating the gap between urban and rural, developed region and undeveloped region is good for income distribution.