蓬莱市农村人群乙肝疫苗接种和乙肝病毒感染相关性

Effect of Hepatitis B Vaccination On Hepatitis B Infection Rate In Penglai's Rural Areas

目的分析评价乙肝疫苗免疫接种对蓬莱市农村居民乙肝病毒(HBV)感染变化的影响。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,对蓬莱市农村1～59岁常住人口共629人进行乙肝血清流行病学调查和乙肝疫苗接种率调查,采用ELISA法检测HB-sAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc等乙肝标志物。结果 629名调查对象HBV感染率为22.26%,HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别为2.70%、62.32%、18.44%。乙肝疫苗接种率由1992年以前出生人群的18.89%提高到2002-2006年出生人群的100.00%,HBV感染率由42.11%降为1.31%;有乙肝免疫史的人群HBV感染率和HBsAg、抗-HBc阳性率均低于无乙肝疫苗免疫史人群,抗-HBs阳性率明显高于无乙肝疫苗免疫史人群,乙肝疫苗保护率为85.63%。结论从1992年使用乙肝疫苗以来,不仅有效的减少了乙肝病毒携带状态,且乙肝疫苗保护率达到较好的效果,进一步说明接种乙肝疫苗可有效防止乙肝病毒的感染。

Objective To analyze and evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccination on hepatitis B infection among the rural residents in Penglai city.Methods With multi-stage cluster sampling, hepatitis B epidemiology＇and Hepatitis B vaccine rate in 629 rural residents aged 629 people aged 1 to 59 years were investigated. Serum hepatitis B （ HB ） virus antigen（HBsAg） and antibody（anti-HBs,anti-HBc） were detected with enzymen-linked immunosorbent assay （ ELISA）.Results In total 629 respondents, HBV infection rate was 22.26 %, positive rate of HBsAg, anti-HBs,anti-HBc respectively was 2.70 %,62.32 %,and 18.44 %.In 1 ~ 59 years old crowd, Hepatitis B vacci- nation coverage increased from 18.89% in the people born before 1992 to 100.00 % in the people born between 2002 and 2006,while HB virus （HBV） infection rate decreased from 42.11% tol.31% .HBV infection rate, HBs Ag and anti-HBe positive rate in the people with hepatitis B vaccination history were lower than those of the people without hepatitis B vaccination history, while the anti-HBs positive rate was higher,protective rate of the hepatitis B vaccine was 85.63 %.Conclusion since hepatitis B vaccine were used in 1992, not only the infection rate of HB virus was decreased progressively,but protective effect of the hepatitis B vaccine was good, which further showed hep- atitis B vaccine could prevent effectively hepatitis B virus infection.