水下微地貌三维激光地形仪研制

Development of three-dimensional terrain apparatus based on laser testing for underwater microrelief

为了高精度获取泥沙冲淤引起的地貌变化,提升滩海工程物理模拟实验研究水平,将激光三角反射原理应用于水下地形测量,基于该原理研制了微地貌三维激光地形仪。重点介绍激光三角反射原理、地形仪的组成、水下误差分析及校正。在结构设计方面,采用两轴系垂直的二维平面结构布局,利用两台伺服电机组成二维运动控制系统,通过丝杠传动带动探头实现扫描区域全覆盖,激光测量装置安装在探头上并获取高程数据,利用总线传输技术进行信号采集。在软件设计方面,基于虚拟仪器软件LABVIEW开发了三维激光测量仪测控软件。实验测试表明,该地形仪实现高精度设计要求。

In order to obtain high precision landscape changes caused by erosion and deposition to enhance the beach sea level engineering physics simulation study,the reflection principle of laser triangulation is used in underwater topography measurement,and a three-dimensional terrain apparatus is developed based on laser testing for underwater geomorphology based on the principle.The reflection principle of laser triangulation,topography instrument components,underwater error analysis and correction are introduced.For the hardware,in structural design,a two-dimensional plane perpendicular to the shaft structure and layout is adopted,a two-dimensional servo motor motion control system is used,a screw-driven probe is applied to achieve full coverage of the scanning area,a laser measuring device is installed in the probe to obtain elevation data,and bus transmission technology is applied for signal acquisition.For the software,software-based virtual instrument Labview is used to develop three-dimensional laser measuring instrument control software.Experimental tests show that the topography instrument meets high-precision design requirements.