传感器位置对狭长空间定位精度的影响

ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS ON LOCATION ACCURACY OF SENSORS IN NARROW SPACE

根据室内或井下巷道定位中传感器网络的覆盖特点,以隧道为例,提出了狭长空间三维完全覆盖方案。同时,基于到达时间差(TDOA)定位技术,选取精度因子(DOP)作为精度评价指标,分析了传感器间距增大或缩小时,DOP值和定位精度的变化规律。研究表明,定位精度取决于传感器感知半径、狭长空间宽度和传感器间距等因素。模拟线形隧道环境下传感器布设实验表明,依据传感器位置变化前后的DOP值变化规律,提供传感器布设优化方案,可以显著提高狭长空间定位精度和可靠性。

According to the coverage characteristics of sensors network in indoor and underground location technology, a scheme of three-dimensional （3D） complete coverage was proposed for the location in the narrow space in a tunnel. Besides, the Time Difference of Arrival （TDOA） location technology was employed, meanwhile, the Dilution of Precision （DOP） was selected as the accuracy evaluation index. Thereafter, the changing law of DOP values and positioning accuracy was analyzed while sensors＇ spacing increased or decreased. The research shows that positioning accuracy primarily depends on sensor＇ s radius, width of narrow space, and sensors＇ spac- ing, etc. A simulated in-situ test of linear tunnel was carried out, and the result shows that optimization scheme of sensors＇ location based on the changing law of DOP can thus dramatically improve the positioning accuracy and re- liability.